Nozzles



July 22, 1958 J. DlcKMANN ETAL l 2;844,408

NozzLEs Filed Feb. 25, 1957 United States Patente() Johannes Dickmann and Gustav-Adolf :Eutneuer,Karls ruhe, Germany, fassignors to Waldemar Foerstner `('Iradeiz :as Total .Kommanditgesellschaft Foerstner & `Co.), `Mannheim, Germany,.a German company s-ApplicatonFebruary 25,11957, SerialNo. 641,936 l Claims priority, application VGermany. Febrary525,1956 71' Claims. "'(Cl. 'a99- 120) "This'inv'ention relates'to nozzlesgand is 'concerned with ia' spray knozzle which is vparticularly suitable for tire `extinguishing purposes.

For'atomising a jetof liquid issuing'from the mouth- 4vpiece'ofa jetp'ipe, vit is knownto'produce with 'the jet pipe two intersectingijets of liquid concentriotoone another. fAlso, itis known-toprovide :a-twist-imparting device in thepassage.. along which theinner jet travels and to make the'gap width'of the outer passage adjustable `in vorder to/fmakeit*possible-to-varythe angle of open- ;ing of-the spraymjet. Apart fromthetpossibilityofvarying the angle of opening, `these `known constructions are set in a fixed condition and cannot be further adapted toactual prevailingl requirements. However, not' only "do n'the conditions 'vary Avery l:nluch v'with each `particular "the, 'but 'it -very "often `happens VVthat even "in jvdealing with one outbreak of fire the neness of the sprayed jet, the angle of opening or both have to be varied during the course of the extinguishing as the fire develops, in order to obtain the best extinguishing effect with a minimum expenditure of extinguishing medium. It is also often necessary to compensate at the nozzle of the jet pipe for uctuations in delivery pressure.

According to the invention there is provided a nozzle for atomising liquids, comprising means dening an outer flow passage, means defining an inner flow passage, the flow passages being concentric one with the other, and two twist-imparting devices disposed one in each such 4flow passage for imparting a twisting movement to medium owing through the nozzle..

The twist-imparting devices are advantageouslymade so 'adjustable that the direction of twist which is imparted can be reversed through a neutral position. It is also expedient to make the outlet cross-sections of the two passages adjustable, the inner passage being advantageously controlled by an adjustable Pelton needle which makes the said inner passage an annular nozzle, and which stabilises the inner annular jet. Thus not only is it possible for the liquid issuing from each passage to be adjusted in quantity independently, but it is also possible to adjust the direction of twist of each jet as desired, so that, starting from a full jet, it is possible to obtain by adjustment any desired spray jet of any desired opening, Iineness of spray and range.

For a better understanding of the invention, and to show how the same may be carried into effect, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a regulatable nozzle in the form of a spray-gun,

Figure 2 is an axial sectional view of part of the nozzle,

Figure 3 is a front view of the part shown in Figure 2,

Figure 4 is an axial sectional view of another part of the nozzle,

Figure 5 is a front view of that shown in Figure 4, and

2,844,408 Patented July 22, 1958 2 Figure 6`is a perspective View ofthe part shown in Figures 2 and 3. v

Referring nowto'the drawings,`there isshown a regu- `latable nozzle inthe form 'ofa spray-gun, the gun comprising a jet pipe 1, and a shaft 2 which serves for `connecting the vnozzle to 'a 'pipe supplying 'the medium which is to beejected. A tubular "piece '4is guided in the outlet end of'the pipe 1 by'means Aofradial ribs 3, andthetubular piece 4`terminates'in Va'nozzle mouth- 'piece 5. vA twist-imparting device 6 is situated lin .the

Atubular piece *4, and consists of six blades 6 of a yexible material whichf'form afguide assembly'inthe tubular piece 4. The 'blades '6 vrare 'held at one end in a ring 7 and'at'the other end in a ring 8, 'each of which rings 'has a central 'hub '9 'and 10i respectively, the 'hubs l9fand 10 beingvconnecte'd fast 'to the rings 7 and 8 respectively by spokes 28. The Vfront ring 7 is held secureagainst rotation in vthe "tubular piece `lfby grub Awheel 13, the ring`8 Yand'thus the blades 6 can be'turned in either direction' from'a neutral middle' position, where the lblades extend in the direction of flow'through the nozzle, in `such a manner Aas to to the blades -6"a twistof'any desired'pitch s'othat the jet ofliquid `passin'g'through the tubular'piece `4 can`be given any desired twisting lmovement.

The two hubs 9 and 10 are hollow, and serve to guide an adjusting rod 15 which is -provided with a head 14 and which is connected by a lever mechanism 16, 17 to a hand lever 18 mounted on the shaft 2, the mechanism 16, 17 being adapted to displace the rod 15 in the axial direction of the jet pipe 1. The head 14 which is constructed in the manner of a Pelton needle controls the passage of the medium through the nozzle mouthpiece 5. The Pelton needle assembly 14, 15 thus carries out quantity regulation by varying the free annular cross-section of the mouthpiece 5, the pressure in the mouthpiece 5, however, remaining constant. The head 14 is rounded at its end in order to stabilise the direction of twist.

The jet pipe 1 is provided at its end with external screw-threading 19 and carries thereon a retaining nut 20 which holds in place an outer nozzle mouthpiece 21. The outer nozzle mouthpiece 21 is freely rotatable and is provided with two operating lugs 22, there being a spacer ring 23 preventing the mouthpiece 21 from being clamped fast when the retaining nut 20 is tightened.

The mouthpiece 21 carries a double ring 24 which has ribs 25, exible blades 26 extending from the ribs 25 to a double ring 27 disposed around the tubular piece 4. Thus by rotating the nozzle mouth piece 21, the blades 26 can be twisted from a neutral middle position which does not influence the passage of the throughflowing liquid, since the blades 26 extend in the direction of flow through the nozzle, in either direction so as to give the blades 26 a desired pitch, whereby a desired twisting movement can be imparted to the liquid passing through the outer annular chamber formed between the mouthpieces 5 and 21.

When the nozzle is closed, the mouthpiece 5 closes the opening in the mouthpiece 21, and the head 14 closes the opening in the mouthpiece 5. The distance over which the needle 14, 15 can be displaced is limited by abutment of the head 14 on the hub 9. When the hand lever 18 is operated, the inner annular passage is first of all opened, and if when the head 14 abuts against the hub 9 the hand lever 18 is moved further, the rod 15 then entrains the tubular piece 4 so that the passage between the two nozzle mouthpieces 5 and 21 is opened up to'a greater or less degree. quantity of liquid issuing from the outer annular nozzle 5, 21 can be adjusted according to requirements.

We claim? n l. A nozzle vfor atomising liquids, comprising means detin'ng an oter"'ow'pas'sage, means operatively asso'ciated with the iirst said means and dening'an inner e `means operatively associated with the passage defining means for altering the cross-sectional areas of theflow passages.

3. A nozzle as claimed in claim 2, wherein said further means includes a Pelton needle provided for controlling the inner flow passage, the head of said needle being rounded. j

4. yA nozzle as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of said twist-imparting devices comprises a turnable adjusting member at one end of the passages and a plurality of exible blades, which extend axially and generally radially of their respectiveow passage, the blades being xedly secured at the other end of the passages and held in said turnable adjusting member.

Therefore a 5. A nozzle as claimed in claim 4, comprising a stationary hub `and ring at said other end and a turnable hub and ring at said one end and wherein the blades of the inner passage are secured by said stationary hub and ring and said turnable hub and ring, the hubs being hollow for receiving the shank 'of the Pelton needle, and the hub of the turnable ring including a handle wheel for adjustment.

6. A nozzle as claimed in claim 5, comprising a tubular piece operatively associated with the first said means and wherein the inner flow passage is defined by said tubular piece which is axially displaceable and which is adapted to close the outer ow passage, the Pelton needle being movable and being adapted to entrain the tubularY piece, when the needle is displaced beyond a position where it fully opens the inner flow passage, thereby to open the outer flow passage.

7. A nozzle as claimed in claim 6, wherein the tubuvlar piece is fixed against rotation, and wherein the nozzle includes a turnable mouthpiece for deiining at least part of the outer flow passage, the blades of the outer twist-imparting device being disposed between said mouthpiece and said tubular piece.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS switzerland sept. 16, 193sy 

